I Am About Hamilton An American Musical And Its Impact...

A quote by Barack Obama says, â€Å"If you’re walking down the right path and you’re willing to keep walking, eventually you will make progress.† This quote describes a lot of what I have gone through in this semester, particularly in this class. As a student in the School of Communication at Illinois State University, I felt the pressure to do well in my first communications class. However, with the help of my teacher, support and praise of fellow students, and my own hard work, I have made several improvements since the beginning of the semester such as verbal delivery, eye contact, and interpersonal communication skills. Verbal delivery was a skill I was hoping to improve on at the beginning of the semester as I mentioned in my†¦show more content†¦While practicing my first speech talking about Hamilton: An American Musical, I started writing in when to look up at my audience on my notecards. After a getting comfortable with that method, I began pract icing outside of class of appropriate times to look up from notecards without writing it down. After my second speech, the group speech regarding School Admissions and Affirmative Action, I felt I made great eye contact with my group members. But I began to realize that when I was supposed to look at the audience members, I was looking down at my notecards a lot of the time. For my third and final speech regarding how music is beneficial in public schools, I still wrote in when to look up at my audience on my notecards and when to move around the room. However, I also made a point to look at the people that I felt comfortable with in class. I felt like I also improved on my Interpersonal communications skills. Now, I did not have this skill as something to improve on but throughout the course of the semester, I have gotten better about understanding my classmate’s perspectives. For example, during the persuasive speech days, Pauly’s speech was on the gender pay gap. Ho wever, his stance was not necessarily the same as mine. I became to feel hostile but I knew that would prevent me from listening to his side unbiasedly. With keeping an open mind, I better understood his side of the argument. Although I may notShow MoreRelatedThe Wizard Of Oz By Victor Fleming And King Vidor With Cinematographer2521 Words   |  11 PagesReleased in 1939, following The Great Depression, The Wizard of Oz is a well-known family, adventure, musical, fantasy film. Directed by Victor Fleming and King Vidor with cinematographer, Harold Rosson, this movie gives its viewers the ability to visualize a place they would only be able to imagine in their dreams. 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The Diverse Nature of Psychology Essays - 919 Words

The Diverse Nature of Psychology Psychology, though a young field, is a uniquely successful one, flourishing in the twentieth century through intellectual and social expansion (Darity, 2008). From its philosophical roots to its emergence as a scientific discipline, the field of psychology has been concerned with behavior and mental processes. By its very nature, the field is diverse encompassing many subdisciplines and areas. The American Psychological Association recognizes more than 50 different divisions in the field, marked either by area of study or area of practice. Because of its diverse nature, the field has become widely applicable and valuable in many other fields. Psychology has successfully been applied to fields like†¦show more content†¦Social psychologists are interested in one’s perception of his or herself, nonverbal behavior, and group behavior. For example, the horrific acts of WWII and the Holocaust gave rise to this area as researchers became inte rested in such phenomena as conformity, obedience, and groupthink. Another, and perhaps the largest subdiscipline in the broad field of psychology is that of clinical psychology. Clinical psychologists are concerned with the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders. Some clinical psychologists sometimes work specifically with severe disorders such as schizophrenia and depression, while others help people cope with personal struggles and issues like death or divorce (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2009). Personally, I have known people who have benefited greatly from seeing a psychologist. Major life changes seem to test people’s resiliency and I am of the belief that psychologists, being empowered with the knowledge and education to help someone overcome their struggles, is truly one of the most rewarding careers that exist. Moreover, within the realm of clinical psychology, there exist many areas of specialization such as neuropsychology, child psychology , and geropsychology. Psychological testing is a subtopic of clinical psychology. Clinical psychologistsShow MoreRelatedThe Diverse Nature Of Psychology1183 Words   |  5 PagesThe Diverse Nature of Psychology When a person is asked about what psychology means, typically the first definition heard is human behavior and then usually the mind and brain are next. While those definitions are partially true, the field of psychology is essentially an umbrella term used to describe several different subdisciplines of psychology. 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Risk Assessment Of Property Millionaires †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Risk Assessment Of Property Millionaires. Answer: Introduction Success is the best phase for any organization, as it brings several new opportunities to grow and expand the reach of it. Growing revenues and increasing profit led the company to utilize the opportunity and hire new workforce, increase their production scale and look for opportunities for overall growth (Reason 2016). This phase seems better for any organization as everyone associated with it feels that his or her future is safe. However, such growth brings several negative aspects in the organization that can lead to serious threat and risks. It is very important for the managers of those organizations to stay alert and understand the way such risk can affect the business (Kaufman and Guerra-Lopez 2013). These risks are generally prevalent in companies that are generally younger and having higher growth rates and the risk associated with such companies can be external as well as internal. External risks are non-compliance with law, ethical codes and market competition whereas inte rnal risk factors are under-developed infrastructure to withstand increased productivity or pressure, service quality and efficient workforce (Sadgrove 2016). This assignment is going to discuss such a risky situation for a company property millionaire and will discuss different aspects of risk associated with it. Finally, a risk calculation will be done to develop this risk assessment report. The company background The company Property Millionaires is an investment mentoring and seminar company, which was developed by the real estate developer George Kirzner, three years ago. This company helps people to invest in properties and suggest safe and successful ways to become millionaire. The company believe on the philosophy that every individual have the ability to become successful with proper education, mindset and support and they provide the support to those individuals. Suddenly the company started growing and the need of expansion becomes higher. However, George marked this situation as risk for the organization. The reason behind this was lack of trained employees and infrastructure to handle such increased load. However, the regionals managers were not that serious regarding the situation, George made the staff serious, and alert as it was essential for the organization to deliver strong financial performance. Such situation led George to hire consultants with some company staff having lit tle to no experience in sales. Risk assessment of Property Millionaires Risk assessment is an important tool that is used to identify, assess and rate the risks faced by organizations while processing, financially growing or complying with thelaw or ethics of the business. It helps the organization by providing a complete structure that provides complete information about associated risks, its implications and means to mitigate such risk factors. Risk exposure calculator helps to understand the ability of the company to identify situations that can lead to risks for the companys strategy and performance (Harvard Business Review 1999). This calculator is divided into three sections denoting internal pressure. These are pressure due to excessive growth, pressure due to culture and pressure generated by financial management. As success hits the company, people associated with it starts making mistakes knowingly or unknowingly. Risk assessment calculator helps to understand the level of their mistakes and rates those actions on a scale of 5, where 5 denotes higher risk. Further, depending on the sections and sub-section ratings of risk assessment calculator, a total score is calculated in which score 9-20 is determined as safe zone whereas, score 35-45 is denoted as the Roles of these aspects with respect to Property Millionaires Company is mentioned below (Harvard Business Review 1999). Pressure point due to growth When a business starts growing beyond the expectations of its leaders or its employees, risk associated with pressure increases. This pressure generates as the market suddenly starts betting on the company and the leaders of the company set new goals and sales targets that creates a set of pressures for the organization and he employees. These are pressure to perform, pressure to increase or to cope up with the rate of expansion and pressure related to the lack of experiences of its employees (Winston and Cahill 2012). Pressure for performance In Property Millionaires, while facing the market push, the CEO George wanted each of the employee to take account of their work and deliver best possible financial performance. This led the employees to face a huge pressure as maximum of the employees were hired after the company started expanding and they did not had enough experience to deal with such pressure (Hall and Wagner 2012). Furthermore, the company hired a set of consultants who used to set difficult sales goals and targets after being approved by the senior management or the CEO. Therefore, according to the risk assessment calculator, this section had higher risk rating that is 5. Rate of expansion The property millionaire company was a mid-sized business that employed 100 employees having proper knowledge and capacity to work in pressure, before the sudden expansion started. The companys sales started growing and expansion occurred more than the capacity of the organization to hire or train new employees to deal with the growing pressure (Eliasson 2012). Therefore, the pressure of expansion was clearly visible on George, the CEO. He employed few consultants to train and hire employees and set sales targets for them. Hence, on the risk assessment calculator, the rate of expansion pressure scores 4 and it denotes that company was at risk related to the pressure of expansion. Inexperience of key employees After the unexpected success of the company lead by George, the company started facing pressure to perform more and establish itself in the market risk. The market also started believing in the company and therefore the rate of expansion becomes uncontrolled. In such situation, the owners were suggested to employ people having less or no experience of sales, as there were more demands than the tenured and experienced employee can withstand (Mascini and Bacharias 2012). Furthermore, the higher authorities such as senior managers and junior managers lacked effective communication that showed their inability to withstand excess growth pressure. Therefore, according to the risk assessment calculator, this aspect of Property Millionaire Company deserves 4, as the consultants and the CEO took their job seriously and tried their best to overcome the risks. Pressure point due to culture This pressure point is related to the cultural risk and the amount of risk a company takes while implementing innovation and creativity. This pressure is crucial as the company reputation and finance is at stake while combating this pressure (Baer 2012). There are several factors associated with the risk such as rewarding the entrepreneurial risk taker, executive resistance to bad news and the level of internal competition. Rewarding entrepreneurial risk takers (Di Zhang and Swanson 2013) In the Property Millionaire organization, the business was entirely based on new seminars on different properties and the senior management team and the CEO George used to prepare seminars. This senior management team of the organization was risk taking and while working in the team they were able to maintain autonomy. This was the only negative thing about them as it increases the frequency of failed seminars. Therefore, on the risk assessment calculator this aspect can be rated as 2, as they had the capability to perform and take risk. Executive resistance to bad news In the context of the given organization, the managers were not prepared for the sudden expansion and were into following the instructions from George. Further, the senior management team, who worked individually despite of being a team, were not serious enough about the failure of the new seminars . Therefore, they were resistant to bad news and failure did not hampered their mental stability and hence, on the risk assessment scale they are being given 2 points (Leveson 2015). Level of internal competition In the organization after facing an up rise in the market, the company hired consultants, who used to assign targets related to sales to the employees and the senior management approved these targets. The payment of these consultants were solely based on the targets or clients they used to brought for the organization. The regional manager used to rate these consultants depending on their performance and the consultants used to be rewarded with special treatment. Therefore, the competition between employees were at higher point as the competition was ruthless and harsh instead of healthy and progressive. Therefore on the risk assessment scale, the competition level related risk scores 5 (Bombardini and Trebbi 2012). Pressure point due to information management Within a company, the flow of information should be appropriate and managed by a trained and experienced authority so that the information can be utilized by the organization for growth and development. The risk factor associated with the information management are transaction complexity and velocity, gaps in diagnostic performances and the degree of decentralized decision-making (Haimes 2015). Transaction complexity and velocity As the company, Property Millionaires started growing beyond the expectations, the company stared facing issues related to transactional complexity. Primarily the company used to provide guidance to people for their property related investments on small level. However, after expansion and addition of newer set of consultants who used to provide seminars to those client to sell property, lead the organization to face problems related to transactions. Several clients were not happy with the seminars and rejected to invest in the property. Therefore, speed of growth and the transactional complexity hampers the business and therefore it is rates score 5 on the risk assessment calculator. Gaps in diagnostic performances It is evident from the given case study of the company that there were a gap of effective communication between the senior management and the regional managers, which created a lack of diagnosis of performances. The regional managers unable to view the consultants or other employees work records and were kept busy with unanticipated emergencies. Furthermore, they had minimum sense of corporate strategies (Shinkle 2012). Therefore, on the risk assessment calculator, these gaps are given the highest score, 5. Degree of decentralized decision-making Decision-making is the crucial part for any organizations success as proper and correct decisions taken in the favor of the company can lead to success (Ford and Richardson 2013). In the property millionaires company, it is evident that every employee worked according to the decision of their higher authority. The senior management used to prepare seminar, however they were unaware of the expertise of the consultants. On the other hand, the consultants used to bring clients just to earn incentives and appreciation at the moth end from the regional manager. Therefore, decision-making skill lacked in the authority as well as the employees and therefore on scale of risk assessment it is given 5 points. Therefore, after assessing all these risks associated with Property Millionaires Company, the total estimated risk score in risk calculator becomes 37. This score indicates that the company is at higher risk with respect to pressure related to growth, culture and information management. The score 37, denotes that the company is at danger zone and it should focus on its defense as well as risk management system to protect their organization from forthcoming disaster (Harvard Business Review 1999). The protection can be achieved by employing highly experienced people in the service or implementing a strict monitoring system to not to compromise with the quality service and further dealing in processes that the organization is famous for, other than innovations and experiments. Conclusion Risks are associated with success and therefore, it is important for the leaders of the organizations to be aware of the situations that need to be controlled within the organization to survive the risky situation. As the risks generated inside the organization, harms more than the external risks, interventions to fight the internal risks should be informed to every employee. in such situation, the risk assessment calculator helps to understand the factors that affects the business and depending on the scores given in that scale, the companies risk situation is determined. This assignment dealt with a case study of company Property Millionaires, which after sudden success faced many risks related to pressure, culture, performance and information management and these pressures are described properly in the assignment with respect to the company. Further, a total score of risk was obtained from the risk assessment scale and it was found that the company is at higher risk. The risk asse ssment calculator data is being presented in the appendix section of the assignment. References Baer, M., 2012. Putting creativity to work: The implementation of creative ideas in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 55(5), pp.1102-1119. Bombardini, M. and Trebbi, F., 2012. Competition and political organization: Together or alone in lobbying for trade policy?. Journal of International Economics, 87(1), pp.18-26. Di Zhang, D. and Swanson, L.A., 2013. Social entrepreneurship in nonprofit organizations: An empirical investigation of the synergy between social and business objectives. Journal of Nonprofit Public Sector Marketing, 25(1), pp.105-125. Eliasson, G., 2012. Firm objectives, controls and organization: the use of information and the transfer of knowledge within the firm (Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. In Citation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics (pp. 19-44). Springer, Dordrecht. Haimes, Y.Y., 2015. Risk modeling, assessment, and management, 4th Edn, pp. 345-389, John Wiley Sons. Hall, J. and Wagner, M., 2012. Integrating sustainability into firms' processes: performance effects and the moderating role of business models and innovation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 21(3), pp.183-196. Harvard Business Review 1999.How Risky Is Your Company?. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/1999/05/how-risky-is-your-company Kaufman, R. and Guerra-Lopez, I., 2013. Needs assessment for organizational success, 1st Edn, pp. 25-57, American Society for Training and Development. Leveson, N., 2015. A systems approach to risk management through leading safety indicators. Reliability Engineering System Safety, 136, pp.17-34. Mascini, P. and Bacharias, Y., 2012. Integrating a Top?Down and a Bottom?Up Approach: Formal and Informal Risk?Handling Strategies in a Utility Company. Risk Analysis, 32(9), pp.1547-1560. Reason, J., 2016. Managing the risks of organizational accidents, 1st Edn, pp. 123-145, Routledge. Sadgrove, K., 2016. The complete guide to business risk management, 3rd Edn, pp. 245-267, Routledge. Shinkle, G.A., 2012. Organizational aspirations, reference points, and goals: Building on the past and aiming for the future. Journal of Management, 38(1), pp.415-455. Winston, W. and Cahill, D.J., 2012. Internal marketing: Your company's next stage of growth, 1st Edn, pp. 245-289, Routledge.

Western Civilization Propaganda Essay Example For Students

Western Civilization Propaganda Essay Propaganda techniques began with World War I. From the beginning of the war. Both German and British propagandists worked hard to win sympathy and support in the U. S. German propagandists appealed to the many Americans of German descent and to those of Irish descent who were traditionally hostile to Great Britain. Germany was virtually cut off from direct access to the U. S. and British propaganda had little competition in the U. S. , and it was conducted more skillfully than Germans. Once engaged in the war, the U. S. nized the Committee on Public Information, an official propaganda agency, to mobilize American public opinion. We will write a custom essay on Western Civilization Propaganda specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This committee proved highly successful, particularly in the sale of Liberty Bonds. Fear The streets of our country are in turmoil. The universities are filled with students rebelling and rioting. Communists are seeking to destroy our country. Russia is threatening us with her might, and the Republic is in danger. Yes danger from within and without. We need law and order! Without it our nation cannot survive. Adolf Hitler, 1932 When a propagandist warns members of her audience that disaster will ensue if they do not follow a particular course of action, she is using the fear appeal. By playing on the audiences fears, people who use this technique hope to redirect attention away from the merits of a particular proposal and toward steps that can be taken to reduce the fear. It is usually used in less dramatic ways. ? A television commercial portrays a terrible automobile accident (the fear appeal), and reminds viewers to wear their seatbelts (the fear-reducing behavior). A pamphlet includes pictures of houses destroyed by floods, and follows up with details about homeowners insurance. ? A letter from a pro-gun organization begins by describing a lawless America in which only criminals own guns, and concludes by asking readers to oppose a ban on automatic weapons. Bandwagon The propagandist hires a hall, rents radio stations, fills a great stadium, and marches a million or at least a lot of men in a parade. He employs symbols, colors, music, movement, and all the dramatic arts. He gets us to write letters, to send telegrams, to contribute to his cause. He appeals to the desire, common to most of us, to follow the crowd. Because he wants us to follow the crowd in masses, he directs his appeal to groups held together already by common ties, ties of nationality, religion, race, sex. Which makes propagandists campaigning for or against a program will appeal to us as Catholics, Protestants, or Jews, as farmers or as school teachers, as housewives or as miners. The basic theme of the bandwagon appeal is that everyone else is doing it, and so should you. Since few of us want to be left behind, this technique can be quite successful.

Some Hairy Expressions

Some Hairy Expressions Some Hairy Expressions Some Hairy Expressions By Maeve Maddox Warning: This post may offend some readers. Words, however, are just words and thats what DWT is all about. Curious minds want to know! DWT reader Jess received an email in which the sender said I got a wild hair about me. Jess says that the expression was used in the sense of acting impetuously. However, the expression for which wild hair is a shortening is to have a wild hair up ones ass. The meaning of this vulgar expression is to have an obsession or fixation about something. Garrison Keillor conveys this sense in his August 2, 2008 News from Lake Woebegone segment. In this instance its not a hair but a quarter, and its not up anything, its between the butt cheeks. Hes talking about a woman who is very angry about something and is going to confront her brother about it: she stalked across that farmyard like somebody whos carrying a quarter in their butt. If you go around carrying a quarter in your butt, you wont think of anything else. Disagreement exists as to why a hair should cause such single-minded discomfort, but I suppose there could be such a thing as a painful ingrown hair. The word wild in this context refers to the fact that the hair in question is not going where it is wanted. The meaning implied in the email, to act impetuously or in an uncharacteristic manner, doesnt seem as apt. Some other hairy idioms: to split hairs to dissect a subject down to the most trivial and unimportant details. I want to give the go ahead and all you want to do is split hairs about what color the tags should be. hair-brained foolish, ditzy. The expression originates from the erratic behavior of hares and is more properly spelled harebrained. However, the spelling hair-brained is quite common. I never heard of a more harebrained idea in my life! hair of the dog short for hair of the dog that bit you. In modern usage it refers to the notion that a person with a hangover can cure himself by drinking in the morning what he was drinking the night before. The expression originates in an ancient homeopathic cure for the bite of a mad dog. Pliny the Elder gives several remedies, one of which is to rub into the wound ash, prepared by burning, from the hair under the tail of the mad dog itself. by a hairs breadth by a narrow margin. He escaped death by a hairs breadth. Possible origin: a formal unit of measurement called a hairbreadth, equal to one-forty-eighth of an inch. hair-trigger a trigger that requires very little effort to release. The term can be used figuratively: Her husband has a hair-trigger temper. to let ones hair down to relax and be at ones ease with people. Come on, Charlie! Let your hair down and dance! The term originated in the 1850s and probably first applied to women who wore their hair up in public. hair-raising frightening and exciting. Follow Indiana Jones in another hair-raising adventure. a hairy situation something fraught with difficulty. The conversation became a bit hairy once he mentioned Alison. hairpin curve a curve in the road that goes back on itself. Younger readers may not know what an old-fashioned hairpin looked like. The curve at the joined end was much wider than the curve of a mere bobby pin. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing LightFlier vs. FlyerWood vs. Wooden

BibMes Great Textbook Giveaway!

s Great Textbook Giveaway! ’s Great Textbook Giveaway! We on the team are very appreciative of the support our users have given us. Many of you have made donations, spread the word about , and recommended it to your educational peers. We’re hoping you continue to do so, but in case you needed a little convincing, we’re giving you a little more incentive. Today, we’re proud to announce â€Å"’s Great Textbook Giveaway†! We’re giving someone the chance to win $500 worth of textbooks for the spring semester of 2010. And here’s how†¦ We’re holding a contest to see who can market in the most creative, effective way. Come up with a novel idea on how to spread the word about , and then make that idea happen. We’re leaving the rest up to you. Go all out – hire a skywriter! Rig up a bat signal with the logo! Feel free to go viral, or make use of any number of social networking/media websites, too, if you’d like. If you have a lot of Facebook friends or Twitter followers, using them as your target audience may be a smart place to start. You may be able to target people better near your school, particularly around finals week near the end of fall semester. But you are in no way limited to stay on campus – go wherever your idea takes you! Please email your submission to textbooks@.org. Include your name, school, a description of your idea and why you think it was effective,   along with pictures and/or video to show it in action. We will share submissions on our blog as we get them. Submissions must be made by Thursday, December 31, 2009 at 11:59 PM ET. The four members of the team will judge all entries on originality, creativity, and effectiveness. A winner will be announced on Sunday, January 3, 2010 and will be contacted with details on how to claim their $500 credit towards their textbooks for the semester. By making a submission for the contest, you: Give permission to publish your submission on our website, including but not limited to your name, a description of your idea, and any submitted photos/videos. Agree that you accept all responsibility for any marketing efforts you make and that you do not hold responsible in any way. Agree to make any marketing efforts tasteful and appropriate, and that any marketing efforts will not diminish ’s brand or reputation. Good luck and we can’t wait to see what you guys can come up with! UPDATE: Unfortunately, we didn’t receive any submissions, so no books will be given out this semester. We’d still like to give books away to our users – keep following our blog to find out when we do this next.

Free writing journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Free writing journal - Essay Example It is a normal thing as we are similar or different from each other. But it is not easy to understand and accept that the large gap between the upper class and the lower class has negative results. It increases discrimination. It increases a negative acceptance of things, which would limit the skills and capabilities of individuals. Who would want to work hard when you know that no matter how much you work, you will always be at the bottom end of the scale? Sylvia may symbolize the social resistance existing within the society. But a single person or group’s effort is not enough. There should be a large social movement to create changes in the society. Isn’t it sad to see that the upper class has access to things that lower class do not have? Education, medicine, leisure. These are things that the upper class have more access to than lower class. Since they have the money, they can go to school without needing to skip classes almost everyday, or having to stop schooling for a year or two to save up for your education. Because they have the money, they can seek medical help whenever they’re not feeling well, even if it is just a simple headache. They also have more time to relax, and they can even go places, because they have the means. Those in the lower class have less means to have an education, less access to medical help and very little time for leisure. Why? Because they don’t have the money, and they h ave to keep on working just to sustain their daily

5 points Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

5 points - Essay Example The story with the title â€Å"The New Dress† tells us about a female who wants to look beautiful (Woolf, 1975). The nonprofessional writers take up writing as a hobby and because of this reason, write short stories in order to manage their passion with other chores of life. The short stories are attributed to female writers but it is not always true. Every individual can or have faced loneliness during his or her life. However, some of us turn to listening sad music and others write about it in order to get it off the minds. The human need to manage stress can turn anyone towards writing regardless of gender so considering females capable of writing good short stories in utterly wrong. Poems are traditionally used to express one’s emotions and feelings about a particular subject matter and therefore, the short stories have some commonalities with the medium of poem as both of them are composed in order to express an individual’s feelings. The era when females were considered and treated as a suppressed social class is almost gone because women are now engaged in corporate world as CEOs. The short stories have become a medium that is used to dump psychological pressures on to the paper and therefore, any number of reasons can cause a man to write a story as it will force the woman to do so. The editors and publishers view story from a readers’ viewpoint and if they believe that it has the power to attract readers then they will publish the work. As mentioned earlier, the short stories will be used to express emotions and feelings by men and women alike. Secondly, they are considered as an informal means of writing and finally, they are livelier because readers think that the writer in talking to them directly and the feeling comes as the stories are composed in a narrative

The Menace of Students in Covenant University Essay Example for Free

The Menace of Students in Covenant University Essay The menace of indecent behavior among students of Covenant University. The Holy book says â€Å"it is the little, little foxes that spoil the vine†. The little foxes of indecent behavior are gradually eaten deep into the vine of Covenant University and spoiling her vine which is the students. To examine this topic a clear understanding of what indecent behavior is vital. Indecent behavior is a state of continuously going against moral standards that exist in the human societal setting. Moral standards only exist where humans live as animals are not obligated to moral standards. The menace of indecent behavior is eating deep into the Student body of Covenant University. This act of nuisance has become rampant among some of the students of the institution. Statistics have shown that 80 percent of expulsion cases Covenant University are linked or connected to immoral behavior. Examples of these behaviors are smoking, drinking, watching of pornographic movies, stealing overt sexual behavior, continuous possession of circular music despite warning, overt sexual behavior, possession of hard drugs etc. The negative effects of these indecent behaviors among the students cannot be over-emphasized. They include poor health conditions, addictions, bad habits etc. there have been various measures taken in the past to curb these acts. The measures include regular checking of hostels by members of staff, running medical test on students etc. but these measure has since declined and these students have returned to their old ways , and discovered new methods of committing their atrocities. However despite all these management body can also double-up measure to counter attack these behaviors. These methods include positioning of secret cameras in various points of the school. These locations include the classrooms, rooms, chapel, lecture theatres, cafeteria etc as these will go a long way in exposing these acts with little efforts, Also medical test on students should be reinforced to test for drugs, regular checking of halls at unexpected periods should be carried out to take the students by surprise. One may want to ask, what the management stand has been on these long standing issues. The management has frowned at these acts, meting out disciplinary actions to students found committing them. However the management body has also had its flaws in this. Most times when students are punished, asked to go on expulsion or suspension, the school grants them prerogative of mercy. They return back to school, committing more acts than they had done earlier before they were administered punishments. However the latest developments have shown that the school management body has â€Å"awakened from her slumber† as recent development has shown that prerogative of mercy shall no longer be granted to any erring student. These statements were gathered in last search of the Dean of students Affairs, Pastor Abiodun Adebiyi, in Lydia halls of resident. During the search a lot of contrabands which included Phones, contraceptives, drugs etc. There the Dean mentioned that all the students who were found with the contrabands will not be spared as punishments will be meted out appropriately and no prerogative would avail for them. Also there also being a constant monitoring of secluded hide-outs in the premises, and security men who aid the students to commit atrocities are monitored closely. However despite these measured taken there is still a high rate of indecency in the student body. This is on the increase on a daily basis. The after math of this is the fact that good and timid ones end of being influenced by the bad ones, for the fear of inferiority complex and the â€Å"wanna be syndrome†. This is unhealthy for the growth of the school as the aim of establishing the school will be defeated. Because instead of raising worthy leaders, who will transform the world, corrupt leaders who will compound the system will be produced from the system. In addition, it is also important that we understand that the future we seek as a people only lies with our youths. And for that to be achieved, attention must be directed towards the students, encouraging them to stop indecency whether visible or disguised. Having looked at indecent behavior, let us examine what the general effects of indecency can result in to. Basically these can be seen from 3 perspectives. The family, this is the smallest unit, though with the largest effect. Most times when this has eaten deep into the students, they go home and manifest them in their families, influencing their younger ones, in addition to that when they themselves become parents , they are unable to caution their children on their indecent behaviors , and advice them to behave properly. Another aspect is the school. On the side of the institution there will be misplaced priorities, as the vision of the school of standing out as a Mission University will become a mare dream, with morals becoming misplaced. Academics will be handled nonchalantly, the drive for success will reduced, as the student will give more time to gratifying their habits and indecent desires than craving for success. The last view point is the health perspective. As a result of consumption of all these hard drugs, e. g. cigarettes, and alcohols, there will be a high rate of liver problems, breathing problems which will not enable them perform maximally. Having looked at the definition of indecent behavior, few examples, where it is practiced, measures that have been taken about it in the past, how it can be reduced, and the effects. It is clear that it is a delicate area of the institution where the management has to look into and make necessary corrections, as this will boost maximum productivity amongst its students. In conclusion more drastic steps should be employed to ensure that the canker of indecency does not eat deep and destroy the existing structure therefore â€Å" all hands must be on deck† to correct this while we still have a chance. After this is done, a change is occur undeniable proofs to show for it. â€Å"As they say a stitch in time saves nine†.

Essays --

Deontology and Utilitarianism in the Accounting Profession The American Association of Public Accountants first implemented ethical rules in 1905. Since then, accounting ethics has been heavily scrutinized. It has been said "that the relationship between personal values, codes of conduct and decisions to engage in financial misrepresentation are 'weak at best'" (Douglas, Davidson, & Schwartz, 2001), p. 101). It is essential for Accountants to make ethical decisions. In order to promote ethical decision making, it is vital that profession develop a strong ethical environment. The purpose of this paper is to look at two of the main ethical theories as they relate to the accounting profession. Specifically this paper will give a detailed description of utilitarianism and deontology. The organizational culture and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants code of professional conduct will then be looked at from the context of the two ethical theories. Finally, I will present the ethics system I believe is most appropriate f or the accounting profession.†¨ 1.0 Utilitarianism The term utilitarianism, as defined in this paper, is not a psychological theory that is based on what is. Instead, it is an ethical theory based on what should to be. Utilitarianism, also called universalistic hedonism, should not be confused with "Egoism or Egoistic Hedonism (which states the agent's [individual's] own happiness as the ultimate end of his actions" (Sidgwick, 2000, p. 254). Instead, utilitarianism is an ethical theory that advocates the idea that the happiness of some must, at times, be forfeited for the benefit of the larger quantity of people. This theory suggests that proper behavior seeks to maximize happiness for the... ...eads to the perverse result that under certain circumstances a lie, for example, might be morally right if the individual contemplating the lie felt no compunction about lying and morally wrong only if the individual felt such a compunction" (Kelman, 1981, p. 34). As mentioned earlier, the accounting profession is working hard to regain the public's trust. This is because at some point the profession as a whole assumed the utilitarian based concept that ...the purpose, nature, and responsibility of business are to maximize profit or shareholder value. To the extent that an accounting firm is a business, it falls under the profit-maximizing rubric. But when an accounting firm sees itself primarily as a business, making a profit overrides its main function of attesting to the truth and correctness of financial statements. (Duska, Duska, Ragatz, 2011,p. 170)

The Da Vinci Code Chapter 68-72

CHAPTER 68 New York editor Jonas Faukman had just climbed into bed for the night when the telephone rang. A little late for callers, he grumbled, picking up the receiver. An operator's voice asked him,† Will you accept charges for a collect call from Robert Langdon?† Puzzled, Jonas turned on the light. â€Å"Uh†¦ sure, okay.† The line clicked. â€Å"Jonas?† â€Å"Robert? You wake me up and you charge me for it?† â€Å"Jonas, forgive me,† Langdon said. â€Å"I'll keep this very short. I really need to know. The manuscript I gave you. Have you – â€Å" â€Å"Robert, I'm sorry, I know I said I'd send the edits out to you this week, but I'm swamped. Next Monday. I promise.† â€Å"I'm not worried about the edits. I need to know if you sent any copies out for blurbs without telling me?† Faukman hesitated. Langdon's newest manuscript – an exploration of the history of goddess worship – included several sections about Mary Magdalene that were going to raise some eyebrows. Although the material was well documented and had been covered by others, Faukman had no intention of printing Advance Reading Copies of Langdon's book without at least a few endorsements from serious historians and art luminaries. Jonas had chosen ten big names in the art world and sent them all sections of the manuscript along with a polite letter asking if they would be willing to write a short endorsement for the jacket. In Faukman's experience, most people jumped at the opportunity to see their name in print. â€Å"Jonas?† Langdon pressed. â€Å"You sent out my manuscript, didn't you?† Faukman frowned, sensing Langdon was not happy about it. â€Å"The manuscript was clean, Robert, and I wanted to surprise you with some terrific blurbs.† A pause. â€Å"Did you send one to the curator of the Paris Louvre?† â€Å"What do you think? Your manuscript referenced his Louvre collection several times, his books are in your bibliography, and the guy has some serious clout for foreign sales. Sauniere was a no-brainer.† The silence on the other end lasted a long time. â€Å"When did you send it?† â€Å"About a month ago. I also mentioned you would be in Paris soon and suggested you two chat. Did he ever call you to meet?† Faukman paused, rubbing his eyes. â€Å"Hold on, aren't you supposed to bein Paris this week?† â€Å"I am in Paris.† Faukman sat upright. â€Å"You called me collect from Paris?† â€Å"Take it out of my royalties, Jonas. Did you ever hear back from Sauniere? Did he like the manuscript?† â€Å"I don't know. I haven't yet heard from him.† â€Å"Well, don't hold your breath. I've got to run, but this explains a lot Thanks.† â€Å"Robert – â€Å"But Langdon was gone. Faukman hung up the phone, shaking his head in disbelief Authors, he thought. Even the sane ones are nuts. Inside the Range Rover, Leigh Teabing let out a guffaw. â€Å"Robert, you're saying you wrote a manuscript that delves into a secret society, and your editor sent a copy to that secret society?† Langdon slumped. â€Å"Evidently.† â€Å"A cruel coincidence, my friend.† Coincidence has nothing to do with it, Langdon knew. Asking Jacques Sauniere to endorse a manuscript on goddess worship was as obvious as asking Tiger Woods to endorse a book on golf. Moreover, it was virtually guaranteed that any book on goddess worship would have to mention the Priory of Sion. â€Å"Here's the million-dollar question,† Teabing said, still chuckling. â€Å"Was your position on the Priory favorable or unfavorable?† Langdon could hear Teabing's true meaning loud and clear. Many historians questioned why the Priory was still keeping the Sangreal documents hidden. Some felt the information should have been shared with the world long ago. â€Å"I took no position on the Priory's actions.† â€Å"You mean lack thereof.† Langdon shrugged. Teabing was apparently on the side of making the documents public. â€Å"I simply provided history on the brotherhood and described them as a modern goddess worship society, keepers of the Grail, and guardians of ancient documents.† Sophie looked at him. â€Å"Did you mention the keystone?† Langdon winced. He had. Numerous times. â€Å"I talked about the supposed keystone as an example of the lengths to which the Priory would go to protect the Sangreal documents.† Sophie looked amazed. â€Å"I guess that explains P. S. Find Robert Langdon.† Langdon sensed it was actually something else in the manuscript that had piqued Sauniere's interest, but that topic was something he would discuss with Sophie when they were alone. â€Å"So,† Sophie said, â€Å"you lied to Captain Fache.† â€Å"What?† Langdon demanded. â€Å"You told him you had never corresponded with my grandfather.† â€Å"I didn't! My editor sent him a manuscript.† â€Å"Think about it, Robert. If Captain Fache didn't find the envelope in which your editor sent the manuscript, he would have to conclude that you sent it.† She paused. â€Å"Or worse, that you hand- delivered it and lied about it.† When the Range Rover arrived at Le Bourget Airfield, Remy drove to a small hangar at the far end of the airstrip. As they approached, a tousled man in wrinkled khakis hurried from the hangar, waved, and slid open the enormous corrugated metal door to reveal a sleek white jet within. Langdon stared at the glistening fuselage. â€Å"That's Elizabeth?† Teabing grinned. â€Å"Beats the bloody Chunnel.† The man in khakis hurried toward them, squinting into the headlights. â€Å"Almost ready, sir,† he called in a British accent. â€Å"My apologies for the delay, but you took me by surprise and – † He stopped short as the group unloaded. He looked at Sophie and Langdon, and then Teabing. Teabing said, â€Å"My associates and I have urgent business in London. We've no time to waste. Please prepare to depart immediately.† As he spoke, Teabing took the pistol out of the vehicle and handed it to Langdon. The pilot's eyes bulged at the sight of the weapon. He walked over to Teabing and whispered,† Sir, my humble apologies, but my diplomatic flight allowance provides only for you and your manservant. I cannot take your guests.† â€Å"Richard,† Teabing said, smiling warmly,† two thousand pounds sterling and that loaded gun say you can take my guests.† He motioned to the Range Rover. â€Å"And the unfortunate fellow in the back.† CHAPTER 69 The Hawker 731's twin Garrett TFE-731 engines thundered, powering the plane skyward with gut- wrenching force. Outside the window, Le Bourget Airfield dropped away with startling speed. I'm fleeing the country, Sophie thought, her body forced back into the leather seat. Until this moment, she had believed her game of cat and mouse with Fache would be somehow justifiable to the Ministry of Defense. I was attempting to protect an innocent man.I was trying to fulfill my grandfather's dying wishes.That window of opportunity, Sophie knew, had just closed. She was leaving the country, without documentation, accompanying a wanted man, and transporting abound hostage. If a† line of reason† had ever existed, she had just crossed it. At almost the speed of sound. Sophie was seated with Langdon and Teabing near the front of the cabin – the Fan Jet ExecutiveElite Design, according to the gold medallion on the door. Their plush swivel chairs were bolted to tracks on the floor and could be repositioned and locked around a rectangular hardwood table. A mini-boardroom. The dignified surroundings, however, did little to camouflage the less than dignified state of affairs in the rear of the plane where, in a separate seating area near the rest room, Teabing's manservant Remy sat with the pistol in hand, begrudgingly carrying out Teabing's orders to stand guard over the bloody monk who lay trussed at his feet like a piece of luggage. â€Å"Before we turn our attention to the keystone,† Teabing said,† I was wondering if you would permit me a few words.† He sounded apprehensive, like a father about to give the birds-and-the-bees lecture to his children. â€Å"My friends, I realize I am but a guest on this journey, and I am honored as such. And yet, as someone who has spent his life in search of the Grail, I feel it is my duty to warn you that you are about to step onto a path from which there is no return, regardless of the dangers involved.† He turned to Sophie. â€Å"Miss Neveu, your grandfather gave you this cryptex in hopes you would keep the secret of the Holy Grail alive.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Understandably, you feel obliged to follow the trail wherever it leads.† Sophie nodded, although she felt a second motivation still burning within her. The truth about my family.Despite Langdon's assurances that the keystone had nothing to do with her past, Sophie still sensed something deeply personal entwined within this mystery, as if this cryptex, forged by her grandfather's own hands, were trying to speak to her and offer some kind of resolution to the emptiness that had haunted her all these years. â€Å"Your grandfather and three others died tonight,† Teabing continued,† and they did so to keep this keystone away from the Church. Opus Dei came within inches tonight of possessing it. You understand, I hope, that this puts you in a position of exceptional responsibility. You have been handed a torch. A two-thousand-year-old flame that cannot be allowed to go out. This torch cannot fall into the wrong hands.† He paused, glancing at the rosewood box. â€Å"I realize you have been given no choice in this matter, Miss Neveu, but considering what is at stake here, you must either fully embrace this responsibility†¦ or you must pass that responsibility to someone else.† â€Å"My grandfather gave the cryptex to me. I'm sure he thought I could handle the responsibility.† Teabing looked encouraged but unconvinced. â€Å"Good. A strong will is necessary. And yet, I amcurious if you understand that successfully unlocking the keystone will bring with i t a far greatertrial.† â€Å"How so?† â€Å"My dear, imagine that you are suddenly holding a map that reveals the location of the Holy Grail. In that moment, you will be in possession of a truth capable of altering history forever. You will be the keeper of a truth that man has sought for centuries. You will be faced with the responsibility of revealing that truth to the world. The individual who does so will be revered by many and despised by many. The question is whether you will have the necessary strength to carry out that task.† Sophie paused. â€Å"I'm not sure that is my decision to make.† Teabing's eyebrows arched. â€Å"No? If not the possessor of the keystone, then who?† â€Å"The brotherhood who has successfully protected the secret for so long.† â€Å"The Priory?† Teabing looked skeptical. â€Å"But how? The brotherhood was shattered tonight. Decapitated, as you so aptly put it. Whether they were infiltrated by some kind of eavesdropping or by a spy within their ranks, we will never know, but the fact remains that someone got to them and uncovered the identities of their four top members. I would not trust anyone who stepped forward from the brotherhood at this point.† â€Å"So what do you suggest?† Langdon asked. â€Å"Robert, you know as well as I do that the Priory has not protected the truth all these years to have it gather dust until eternity. They have been waiting for the right moment in history to share their secret. A time when the world is ready to handle the truth.† â€Å"And you believe that moment has arrived?† Langdon asked. â€Å"Absolutely. It could not be more obvious. All the historical signs are in place, and if the Priory did not intend to make their secret known very soon, why has the Church now attacked?† Sophie argued,† The monk has not yet told us his purpose.† â€Å"The monk's purpose is the Church's purpose,† Teabing replied,† to destroy the documents that reveal the great deception. The Church came closer tonight than they have ever come, and the Priory has put its trust in you, Miss Neveu. The task of saving the Holy Grail clearly includes carrying out the Priory's final wishes of sharing the truth with the world.† Langdon intervened. â€Å"Leigh, asking Sophie to make that decision is quite a load to drop on someone who only an hour ago learned the Sangreal documents exist.† Teabing sighed. â€Å"I apologize if I am pressing, Miss Neveu. Clearly I have always believed these documents should be made public, but in the end the decision belongs to you. I simply feel it is important that you begin to think about what happens should we succeed in opening the keystone.† â€Å"Gentlemen,† Sophie said, her voice firm. â€Å"To quote your words, ‘You do not find the Grail, the Grail finds you.' I am going to trust that the Grail has found me for a reason, and when the time comes, I will know what to do.† Both of them looked startled. â€Å"So then,† she said, motioning to the rosewood box. â€Å"Let's move on.† CHAPTER 70 Standing in the drawing room of Chateau Villette, Lieutenant Collet watched the dying fire and felt despondent. Captain Fache had arrived moments earlier and was now in the next room, yelling into the phone, trying to coordinate the failed attempt to locate the missing Range Rover. It could be anywhere by now, Collet thought. Having disobeyed Fache's direct orders and lost Langdon for a second time, Collet was grateful that PTS had located a bullet hole in the floor, which at least corroborated Collet's claims that a shot had been fired. Still, Fache's mood was sour, and Collet sensed there would be dire repercussions when the dust settled. Unfortunately, the clues they were turning up here seemed to shed no light at all on what was going on or who was involved. The black Audi outside had been rented in a false name with false credit card numbers, and the prints in the car matched nothing in the Interpol database. Another agent hurried into the living room, his eyes urgent. â€Å"Where's Captain Fache?† Collet barely looked up from the burning embers. â€Å"He's on the phone.† â€Å"I'm off the phone,† Fache snapped, stalking into the room. â€Å"What have you got?† The second agent said,† Sir, Central just heard from Andre Vernet at the Depository Bank of Zurich. He wants to talk to you privately. He is changing his story.† â€Å"Oh?† Fache said. Now Collet looked up. â€Å"Vernet is admitting that Langdon and Neveu spent time inside his bank tonight.† â€Å"We figured that out,† Fache said. â€Å"Why did Vernet lie about it?† â€Å"He said he'll talk only to you, but he's agreed to cooperate fully.† â€Å"In exchange for what?† â€Å"For our keeping his bank's name out of the news and also for helping him recover some stolen property. It sounds like Langdon and Neveu stole something from Sauniere's account.† â€Å"What?† Collet blurted. â€Å"How?† Fache never flinched, his eyes riveted on the second agent. â€Å"What did they steal?† â€Å"Vernet didn't elaborate, but he sounds like he's willing to do anything to get it back.† Collet tried to imagine how this could happen. Maybe Langdon and Neveu had held a bank employee at gunpoint? Maybe they forced Vernet to open Sauniere's account and facilitate an escape in the armored truck. As feasible as it was, Collet was having trouble believing Sophie Neveu could be involved in anything like that. From the kitchen, another agent yelled to Fache. â€Å"Captain? I'm going through Mr. Teabing's speed dial numbers, and I'm on the phone with Le Bourget Airfield. I've got some bad news.† Thirty seconds later, Fache was packing up and preparing to leave Chateau Villette. He had just learned that Teabing kept a private jet nearby at Le Bourget Airfield and that the plane had taken off about a half hour ago. The Bourget representative on the phone had claimed not to know who was on the plane or where it was headed. The takeoff had been unscheduled, and no flight plan had been logged. Highly illegal, even for a small airfield. Fache was certain that by applying the right pressure, he could get the answers he was looking for. â€Å"Lieutenant Collet,† Fache barked, heading for the door. â€Å"I have no choice but to leave you in charge of the PTS investigation here. Try to do something right for a change.† CHAPTER 71 As the Hawker leveled off, with its nose aimed for England, Langdon carefully lifted the rosewood box from his lap, where he had been protecting it during takeoff. Now, as he set the box on the table, he could sense Sophie and Teabing leaning forward with anticipation. Unlatching the lid and opening the box, Langdon turned his attention not to the lettered dials of the cryptex, but rather to the tiny hole on the underside of the box lid. Using the tip of a pen, he carefully removed the inlaid Rose on top and revealed the text beneath it. Sub Rosa, he mused, hoping a fresh look at the text would bring clarity. Focusing all his energies, Langdon studied the strange text. The Da Vinci Code After several seconds, he began to feel the initial frustration resurfacing. â€Å"Leigh, I just can't seem to place it.† From where Sophie was seated across the table, she could not yet see the text, but Langdon's inability to immediately identify the language surprised her. My grandfather spoke a language so obscure that even a symbologist can't identify it? She quickly realized she should not find this surprising. This would not be the first secret Jacques Sauniere had kept from his granddaughter. Opposite Sophie, Leigh Teabing felt ready to burst. Eager for his chance to see the text, he quivered with excitement, leaning in, trying to see around Langdon, who was still hunched over the box. â€Å"I don't know,† Langdon whispered intently. â€Å"My first guess is a Semitic, but now I'm not so sure. Most primary Semitics include nekkudot.This has none.† â€Å"Probably ancient,† Teabing offered. â€Å"Nekkudot?† Sophie inquired. Teabing never took his eyes from the box. â€Å"Most modern Semitic alphabets have no vowels and use nekkudot – tiny dots and dashes written either below or within the consonants – to indicate what vowel sound accompanies them. Historically speaking, nekkudot are a relatively modern addition to language.† Langdon was still hovering over the script. â€Å"A Sephardic transliteration, perhaps†¦ ?† Teabing could bear it no longer. â€Å"Perhaps if I just†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Reaching over, he edged the box away from Langdon and pulled it toward himself. No doubt Langdon had a solid familiarity with the standard ancients – Greek, Latin, the Romances – but from the fleeting glance Teabing had of this language, he thought it looked more specialized, possibly a Rashi script or a STA'M with crowns. Taking a deep breath, Teabing feasted his eyes upon the engraving. He said nothing for a very long time. With each passing second, Teabing felt his confidence deflating. â€Å"I'm astonished,† he said.† This language looks like nothing I've ever seen!† Langdon slumped.† Might I see it?† Sophie asked. Teabing pretended not to hear her. â€Å"Robert, you said earlier that you thought you'd seen something like this before?† Langdon looked vexed. â€Å"I thought so. I'm not sure. The script looks familiar somehow.† â€Å"Leigh?† Sophie repeated, clearly not appreciating being left out of the discussion. â€Å"Might I have a look at the box my grandfather made?† â€Å"Of course, dear,† Teabing said, pushing it over to her. He hadn't meant to sound belittling, and yet Sophie Neveu was light-years out of her league. If a British Royal Historian and a Harvard symbologist could not even identify the language – â€Å"Aah,† Sophie said, seconds after examining the box. â€Å"I should have guessed.† Teabing and Langdon turned in unison, staring at her.† Guessed what?† Teabing demanded. Sophie shrugged. â€Å"Guessed that this would be the language my grandfather would have used.† â€Å"You're saying you can read this text?† Teabing exclaimed.† Quite easily,† Sophie chimed, obviously enjoying herself now. â€Å"My grandfather taught me this language when I was only six years old. I'm fluent.† She leaned across the table and fixed Teabing with an admonishing glare. â€Å"And frankly, sir, considering your allegiance to the Crown, I'm a little surprised you didn't recognize it.† In a flash, Langdon knew. No wonder the script looks so damned familiar! Several years ago, Langdon had attended an event at Harvard's Fogg Museum. Harvard dropout Bill Gates had returned to his alma mater to lend to the museum one of his priceless acquisitions – eighteen sheets of paper he had recently purchased at auction from the Armand Hammar Estate. His winning bid – a cool $30.8 million. The author of the pages – Leonardo Da Vinci. The eighteen folios – now known as Leonardo's Codex Leicester after their famous owner, the Earl of Leicester – were all that remained of one of Leonardo's most fascinating notebooks: essays and drawings outlining Da Vinci's progressive theories on astronomy, geology, archaeology, and hydrology. Langdon would never forget his reaction after waiting in line and finally viewing the priceless parchment. Utter letdown. The pages were unintelligible. Despite being beautifully preserved and written in an impeccably neat penmanship – crimson ink on cream paper – the codex looked like gibberish. At first Langdon thought he could not read them because Da Vinci wrote his notebooks in an archaic Italian. But after studying them more closely, he realized he could not identify a single Italian word, or even one letter. â€Å"Try this, sir,† whispered the female docent at the display case. She motioned to a hand mirror affixed to the display on a chain. Langdon picked it up and examined the text in the mirror's surface. Instantly it was clear. Langdon had been so eager to peruse some of the great thinker's ideas that he had forgotten one of the man's numerous artistic talents was an ability to write in a mirrored script that was virtually illegible to anyone other than himself. Historians still debated whether Da Vinci wrote this way simply to amuse himself or to keep people from peering over his shoulder and stealing his ideas, but the point was moot. Da Vinci did as he pleased. Sophie smiled inwardly to see that Robert understood her meaning. â€Å"I can read the first few words,† she said. â€Å"It's English.† Teabing was still sputtering. â€Å"What's going on?† â€Å"Reverse text,† Langdon said. â€Å"We need a mirror.† â€Å"No we don't,† Sophie said. â€Å"I bet this veneer is thin enough.† She lifted the rosewood box up to a canister light on the wall and began examining the underside of the lid. Her grandfather couldn't actually write in reverse, so he always cheated by writing normally and then flipping the paper over and tracing the reversed impression. Sophie's guess was that he had wood-burned normal text into a block of wood and then run the back of the block through a sander until the wood was paper thin and the wood-burning could be seen through the wood. Then he'd simply flipped the piece over, and laid it in. As Sophie moved the lid closer to the light, she saw she was right. The bright beam sifted through the thin layer of wood, and the script appeared in reverse on the underside of the lid. Instantly legible.† English,† Teabing croaked, hanging his head in shame. â€Å"My native tongue.† At the rear of the plane, Remy Legaludec strained to hear beyond the rumbling engines, but the conversation up front was inaudible. Remy did not like the way the night was progressing. Not at all. He looked down at the bound monk at his feet. The man lay perfectly still now, as if in a trance of acceptance, or perhaps, in silent prayer for deliverance. CHAPTER 72 Fifteen thousand feet in the air, Robert Langdon felt the physical world fade away as all of his thoughts converged on Sauniere's mirror-image poem, which was illuminated through the lid of the box. The Da Vinci Code Sophie quickly found some paper and copied it down longhand. When she was done, the three of them took turns reading the text. It was like some kind of archaeological crossword†¦ a riddle that promised to reveal how to open the cryptex. Langdon read the verse slowly. An ancient word of wisdom frees this scroll†¦ and helps us keep her scatter'd family whole†¦ a headstone praised by templars is the key†¦ and at bash will reveal the truth to thee. Before Langdon could even ponder what ancient password the verse was trying to reveal, he felt something far more fundamental resonate within him – the meter of the poem. Iambic pentameter. Langdon had come across this meter often over the years while researching secret societies across Europe, including just last year in the Vatican Secret Archives. For centuries, iambic pentameter had been a preferred poetic meter of outspoken literati across the globe, from the ancient Greek writer Archilochus to Shakespeare, Milton, Chaucer, and Voltaire – bold souls who chose to write their social commentaries in a meter that many of the day believed had mystical properties. The roots of iambic pentameter were deeply pagan. Iambs. Two syllables with opposite emphasis. Stressed and unstressed. Yin yang. A balanced pair. Arranged in strings of five. Pentameter. Five for the pentacle of Venus and the sacred feminine. â€Å"It's pentameter!† Teabing blurted, turning to Langdon. â€Å"And the verse is in English! La lingua pura!† Langdon nodded. The Priory, like many European secret societies at odds with the Church, had considered English the only European pure language for centuries. Unlike French, Spanish, and Italian, which were rooted in Latin – the tongue of the Vatican – English was linguistically removed from Rome's propaganda machine, and therefore became a sacred, secret tongue for those brotherhoods educated enough to learn it. â€Å"This poem,† Teabing gushed,† references not only the Grail, but the Knights Templar and the scattered family of Mary Magdalene! What more could we ask for?† â€Å"The password,† Sophie said, looking again at the poem. â€Å"It sounds like we need some kind of ancient word of wisdom?† â€Å"Abracadabra?† Teabing ventured, his eyes twinkling. A word of five letters, Langdon thought, pondering the staggering number of ancient words that might be considered words of wisdom – selections from mystic chants, astrological prophecies, secret society inductions, Wicca incantations, Egyptian magic spells, pagan mantras – the list was endless. â€Å"The password,† Sophie said, â€Å"appears to have something to do with the Templars.† She read the text aloud. † ‘A headstone praised by Templars is the key. ‘† â€Å"Leigh,† Langdon said, â€Å"you're the Templar specialist. Any ideas?† Teabing was silent for several seconds and then sighed. â€Å"Well, a headstone is obviously a grave marker of some sort. It's possible the poem is referencing a gravestone the Templars praised at the tomb of Magdalene, but that doesn't help us much because we have no idea where her tomb is.† â€Å"The last line,† Sophie said,† says that Atbash will reveal the truth. I've heard that word. Atbash.† â€Å"I'm not surprised,† Langdon replied. â€Å"You probably heard it in Cryptology 101. The Atbash Cipher is one of the oldest codes known to man.† Of course! Sophie thought. The famous Hebrew encoding system. The Atbash Cipher had indeed been part of Sophie's early cryptology training. The cipher dated back to 500 B. C. and was now used as a classroom example of a basic rotational substitution scheme. A common form of Jewish cryptogram, the Atbash Cipher was a simple substitution code based on the twenty-two-letter Hebrew alphabet. In Atbash, the first letter was substituted by the last letter, the second letter by the next to last letter, and so on. â€Å"Atbash is sublimely appropriate,† Teabing said. â€Å"Text encrypted with Atbash is found throughout the Kabbala, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and even the Old Testament. Jewish scholars and mystics are stillfinding hidden meanings using Atbash. The Priory certainly would include the Atbash Cipher as part of their teachings.† â€Å"The only problem,† Langdon said,† is that we don't have anything on which to apply the cipher.† Teabing sighed. â€Å"There must be a code word on the headstone. We must find this headstone praised by Templars.† Sophie sensed from the grim look on Langdon's face that finding the Templar headstone would be no small feat. Atbash is the key, Sophie thought. But we don't have a door. It was three minutes later that Teabing heaved a frustrated sigh and shook his head. â€Å"My friends, I'm stymied. Let me ponder this while I get us some nibblies and check on Remy and our guest.† He stood up and headed for the back of the plane. Sophie felt tired as she watched him go. Outside the window, the blackness of the predawn was absolute. Sophie felt as if she were being hurtled through space with no idea where she would land. Having grown up solving her grandfather's riddles, she had the uneasy sense right now that this poem before them contained information they still had not seen. There is more there, she told herself. Ingeniously hidden†¦ but present nonetheless. Also plaguing her thoughts was a fear that what they eventually found inside this cryptex would not be as simple as† a map to the Holy Grail.† Despite Teabing's and Langdon's confidence that the truth lay just within the marble cylinder, Sophie had solved enough of her grandfather's treasure hunts to know that Jacques Sauniere did not give up his secrets easily.

Fast food is something that every American knows about Essay

Most likely you, the person reading this has had fast food before, and probably enjoyed it. Whether it may be Mcdonalds, Burger King, Taco Bell, Jack in the Box, KFC, etc. There is nothing as cheap, quick to get, and tasty as fast food. With the ever-growing population of obese Americans, people are looking for a reason and for most that reason is fast food. Now according to the CDC (centers for disease control) the definition of overweight is having a BMI (body mass index) of 25-29.9 and the BMI for an obese person is 30 or higher. Could it be that fast food is causing 78 million Americans 20 years or older to be obese, or that 17% of all children and teens in the US are over weight because of it? I think not. Sure, fast food may not be the healthiest choice for you, but seriously, no one is forcing you to eat that cheeseburger and no one is forcing you to drink that soda. You see fast food is not the problem, the decision making of the obese American population is. Now just so weâ €™re clear I have nothing against obese people and there is a big difference between a little chunky, which is okay and obese. Now just so your aware of the obesity problem here in America, here’s some cold hard facts about obesity. Here in the US more than 35% of adults are considered obese, that’s more than 78 million people across the country that are obese. Seventeen percent of children and young adults are obese, which is triple the rate of a generation ago. Studies have shown that obesity gives you a greater chance of getting type2 diabetes and even cancer. If you are wondering why there are so many obese people in America today just ask your self a few simple questions. Would you rather go for a nice evening jog or stay home and watch your favorite TV show? Would you rather eat a salad or something not as healthy like a burger or pizza? And finally would you rather go to the gym or hang out with friends? If I had to guess I’d say most of you would rather hang out with friends, eat junk food, and watch your favorite TV show. You see most people have the time to work out and eat right they just choose not to and just like every choice made in life it comes with it’s benefits and consequences. You don’t have to pay for a gym member ship just walk up some steps or play catch with your kids or take a walk at the park, anything is obviously better than nothing. Now researchers will argue against my claims, and that’s understandable. They’ll mention that 33 percent of children and adolescents in the U.S. consume fast food on a typical day; they’ll also state that on average adolescents will visit a fast food restaurant twice a week. Well all I have to say to that is whose fault is that? How are these kids buying the fast food? With their parent’s money of course. Why can’t the parents make them something healthy and control what there kids eat instead of giving them money to eat fast food? It’s the parent’s fault that the kids are eating fast food so often. Fast food isn’t going to make you obese unless you eat it most of the time. If you eat it occasionally but you also eat your fruits and vegetables you’ll be fine. It is crazy to know that in the U.S. 49% of money spent on food is spent away from home. Which means people are choosing to buy food from restaurants and other place s rather than go to the grocery store and cook at home. That percentage is always increasing due to the fact that people now a days are looking for more convenient ways of getting there food. If your wondering just how much money is being spent on quick service restaurants, in 2011 quick service restaurants were expected to gain 168 billion dollars, 3% more than 2010. If people would just spend half the amount of money that they usually spend on fast food and cook a nice healthy meal instead there would be no problem with fast food. Once again the decisions of the American people are to blame. Hit the gym and help yourself get slim. Studies have shown that physical activity plays a big role in loosing weight but of course you knew that, its common sense. But what many people don’t know is that according to the CDC (center for disease control) fewer than 2 out of 10 Americans and less than 30 percent of adults get the recommended level of exercise. Also that more than 25% of U.S. adults do not devote any time to physical activity, the worst states being Louisiana, Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. It is very intriguing that correlations have shown that those states with the least amount of exercise have the most health problems. Type2 diabetes is mostly triggered by obesity, and in 1980 5.5 million adults had it; now approximately 25.6 million adults have type2 diabetes. The ever so increasing percentage of obesity and decreasing percentage in physical activity is definitely to blame. An interesting fact is that by loosing weight and getting from overweight to normal you can save on average $1400 a year on medication. If you don’t have time to hit the gym, there are a few tips that can help you get fit. First don’t drink soda; on average if you drink a soda can a day you’ll gain 15 pounds in a year, that is if you don’t work out of course. Take the stairs or walk around the block, a few extra steps could be the difference in burning some extra calories, and finally anything is better than nothing, curl some soup cans or do some crunches while watching TV. Any of those things can help you with your obesity, then you wont have to blame it on fast food. Fast food companies are now making a bigger push to serve healthier items in their stores, but it is up to the customers to get them otherwise it is all for nothing. McDonalds is taking the biggest step with there new items like the all fruit smoothies, apple slices, salads, and there brochures that show you there below 400,300,200, and 100 calorie items. Jack in the box is jumping on board as well with their 3 choices of salads, and serving grilled chicken instead of fried in there sandwiches. These fast food chains are realizing that healthy is the new way to go but yet the majority of people in America aren’t. We need to watch what we eat, eat healthier brown rice or bread instead of white, more fruits and veggies and less burgers, next time you go to mcdonalds get a salad instead of a Big Mac it might change your life. In conclusion the fast food industry is not to blame for Obesity in the United States of America. They’re taking steps in the right direction and the people of America should too. We need to start exercising more and getting active because that is the true reason for the increasing obesity. Make better decisions in your life style, choose a healthy one and like I said get a salad next time you go to McDonalds. – http://www.getamericafit.org/statistics-obesity-in-america.html – http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/14/obesity-rate-by-state_n_1774356.html –

The Longwall Method of Coal Getting Essays

The Longwall Method of Coal Getting Essays The Longwall Method of Coal Getting Essay The Longwall Method of Coal Getting Essay The article discusses about the sociological and psychological structure within a mechanistic system: a coalmine. Its divided into sections that relate to various issues concerning mainly the humanistic development within a contained social structure and how it interrelates with a larger scale mass organisation. In coal mines, the workers are interdependent for any part of the process needed to extract the coal meaning that each individuals job was strictly dependant on the job which previously needed to be done in order to carry out the process. Generally speaking, the work consists of a primary work-group that is then divided into the individual or pair, depending on the job. A vast distinction exists between the two phases of the structure: before mechanisation and after. Pre-mechanised structure mainly consisted in craftsmanship and was treated as such. Mechanised structures are similar to the nowadays assembly lines in which specific jobs are strictly assigned in order to minimize the costs on labour and maximise output. This article expresses views on both structures and how social and psychological characteristic differences in both interrelate with the output produced within the structure. As noted above, this organisational structure can be divided into two structures, one of which is the succession of the other. The first one is the pre-mechanised structure, better known as hand got mining. In this structure, the workers have full autonomy on their choices of work. This includes also the choice of workmanship that creates an ideal environment for everyone. The individuals are able to carry out different jobs in a rotational succession that eases the stress caused by a strict single job. Their autonomy clarifies the fact that there is no superior control, even given by the fact that supervision is virtually impossible in the mining area. The relationship between the workers expanded also externally form their job site; they were supportive in every way towards family members of their co-workers. Generally speaking this structure produced an ideal social structure that influenced positively their interaction with work. This was mainly induced by the fact that even under good conditions, the amount of work is adjusted depending on the individual. The disadvantages of this structure that the article argues about is the fact that psychologically, the small craftsmen have difficulties in adapting to larger scale structures, which leads us to the mechanised structures. The longwall structure can be best compared with an assembly line similarly practiced in car manufacturing. The process is broken down in a rigid succession of events that is precisely interrelated. This meaning that a cut on one single mechanised job would stop the whole process. This structure includes fewer workers, which decreases the cost in labour. Whenever a large job needs to be carried out, larger groups interact with individuals or pairs. This type of structure can also be compared to the Tayloristic theory that divides labour into specific and mono-skilled tasks. A deputy who however does not have the ability to supervise the workers manages the group; this ultimately sparks sociological and psychological problems. Although being a better structure production-wise, the structure encounters a series of problems that affect the whole environment. The workers who previously were involved with hand got mining have difficulties in adapting to a large-scale structure. This is due to the fact that the size in which a structure exists compromises tensions of small scale. Wages are not evenly distributed. Most workers are paid by cubic meters or by yard, which creates a tension between the workers given the fact that an individual is strictly dependent on the previous individual in the process line. This is also aggravated by existing bad conditions that can be also provoked by the anxieties of the latter. The deputy, responsible for the processes, accumulates tension. The manager and the workers create hostility between each other since both dont support each other given that their goals are very different. According to the article, the work environment needs to associate two distinct factors together. First of all, the production cycle and secondly, the interferences that are brought out from the first mentioned within the social structure as well as the straight hierarchical structure. The association is vital in order to create production efficiency, and according to the author, it can be gained only with years of experience. I believe that the facts explained in the article are a reality as a particular social environment difficultly finds ease in catapulting itself in a new larger environment, and this is true for everything. Mainly, I also believe that the article also deals with the fact that there is no best way to organise a structure. Many factors depend on it. In this case, theoretically, a combination of the two structures would bring about to maximum output and perfect working conditions.

How to Set and Use Cookies in PHP

How to Set and Use Cookies in PHP As a website developer, you can use PHP to set cookies  that contain information about the visitors to your website. Cookies store information about a site visitor on the visitors computer that can be accessed upon a return visit. One common use of cookies is to store an access token so the user doesnt need to log in each time he visits your website. Cookies can also store other information such as the users name, the date of the last visit and shopping-cart contents. Although cookies have been around for years and most people have them enabled, some users either do not accept them because of privacy concerns or automatically delete them when their browsing session closes. Because cookies can be removed by a user at any time and are stored in a plain-text format, dont use them to store anything sensitive. How to Set a Cookie Using PHP In PHP, the setcookie() function defines a cookie. Its sent along with the other HTTP headers and transmits before the body of the HTML is parsed. A cookie follows the syntax: setcookie(name,value,expire,path,domain,secure,httponly); where name​ denotes the name of the cookie and ​value​ describes the cookies contents. ​For the setcookie() function, only the  name​ parameter is required. All other parameters are optional.   Example Cookie ​To set a  cookie named UserVisit in the visitors browser that sets the value to the current date, and further sets the expiration to be  in 30 days (2592000 60 seconds * 60 mins * 24 hours * 30 days), use the following PHP code: ?php $Month 2592000 time();//this adds 30 days to the current timesetcookie(UserVisit, date(F jS - g:i a), $Month);? Cookies must be sent before any HTML is sent to the page or they do not work, so the setcookie() function must appear before the html tag. How to Retrieve a Cookie using PHP To retrieve a cookie from the users computer upon the next visit, call it with the following code: ?phpif(isset($_COOKIE[UserVisit])){$last $_COOKIE[UserVisit];echo Welcome back! br You last visited on . $last;}else{echo Welcome to our site!;}? This code first checks if the cookie exists. If it does, it welcomes the user back and announces when the user last visited. If the user is new, it prints a generic welcome message. TIP: If you are calling a cookie on the same page you plan to set one, retrieve it before you overwrite it. How to Destroy a Cookie To destroy a cookie, use setcookie() again but set the expiration date to be in the past: ?php $past time() - 10; //this makes the time 10 seconds ago setcookie(UserVisit, date(F jS - g:i a), $past);? ​Optional Parameters In addition to value  and  expire, the setcookie() function supports several other optional parameters: Path​ identifies the server path of the cookie. If you set it to / then the cookie will be available to the entire domain. By default, the cookie works in the directory its set in, but you can force it to work in other directories by specifying them with this parameter. This function cascades, so all subdirectories within a specified directory will also have access to the cookie.Domain​  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹identifies the specific domain that the cookie works in. To make the cookie work on all subdomains, specify the top-level domain explicitly (e.g., sample.com). If you set the domain to www.sample.com then the cookie is only available in the www subdomain.Secure​ specifies whether the cookie should transmit over a secure connection. If this value is set to TRUE then the cookie will set only for HTTPS connections. The default value is FALSE.Httponly​, when set to TRUE, will only allow the cookie to be accessed by the HTTP protocol. By default, the value is FALSE. T he benefit of setting the cookie to TRUE is that scripting languages cannot access the cookie.